{"id":24057,"date":"2020-07-11T14:23:35","date_gmt":"2020-07-11T12:23:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ozkyjatickehracky.sk\/?page_id=24057"},"modified":"2020-07-11T14:28:05","modified_gmt":"2020-07-11T12:28:05","slug":"historia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ozkyjatickehracky.sk\/index.php\/historia\/","title":{"rendered":"Hist\u00f3ria"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Hist\u00f3ria kyjatick\u00fdch hra\u010diek<\/h4>

Kyjatick\u00e9 hra\u010dky ako u\u017e aj ich n\u00e1zov prezr\u00e1dza, poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z obce Kyjatice nach\u00e1dzaj\u00facej sa v gemersko-malohontskom regi\u00f3ne v okrese Rimavsk\u00e1 Sobota. Prv\u00ed osadn\u00edci sa v tomto pr\u00edrodou obklopenom chot\u00e1ri objavili u\u017e pred 3000 rokmi (1100-700 r. pred n.l.) o \u010dom sved\u010d\u00ed arheologick\u00fd prieskum z roku 1941, 1974 a 1985. Boli to zru\u010dn\u00ed lovci, chovatelia, ktor\u00ed sa zaoberali po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvom a spracovan\u00edm bronzu. \u00daspechom archeol\u00f3gov bolo najme objavenie \u017eiarov\u00e9ho pohrebiska, kde na\u0161i predkovia pochov\u00e1vali po spopolnen\u00ed na hranici svojich m\u0155tvych. Prv\u00e1 p\u00edsomn\u00e1 zmienka o dedine u\u010dupenej na Rudohorskej vrchovine, ne\u010faleko potoka Pap\u010da je z roku 1413. Pribli\u017ene z tohto obdobia je aj gotick\u00fd kostol, ktor\u00fd ukr\u00fdva vz\u00e1cne fresky. Obyvatelia sa \u017eivili po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvom, pr\u00e1cou v lese a boli zn\u00e1mi v\u00fdrobou dreven\u00fdch obiln\u00edc (s\u00fasekov) a n\u00e1bytku, ktor\u00e9 sa vyv\u00e1\u017eali aj za hranice regi\u00f3nu. Popri v\u00fdrobe n\u00e1bytku a s\u00fasekov (prv\u00e1 p\u00edsomn\u00e1 zmienka 1810) za\u010dali vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 star\u00ed majstri aj prv\u00e9 hra\u010dky, ktor\u00e9 zdobili mot\u00edvmi pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi pri v\u00fdzdobe n\u00e1bytku. Pr\u00e1ve takto okr\u00e1\u0161len\u00e9 hra\u010dky sa pre Kyjatice stali charakteristick\u00fdm v\u00fdrobkom, ktor\u00fdm sa stali zn\u00e1mi v \u0161irokom okol\u00ed. Podobne ako n\u00e1bytok sa hra\u010dky vyr\u00e1bali z bukov\u00e9ho dreva, na ktor\u00e9 sa po moren\u00ed za pomoci upraven\u00e9ho kru\u017eidla aplikoval ryt\u00fd ornament. V\u00fdrobky mali doskovit\u00fd tvar, po vyp\u00edlen\u00ed obrysu sa hra\u010dka namorila pr\u00edrodn\u00fdm moridlom (dubov\u00e1 k\u00f4ra, trnky, slivky) a z oboch str\u00e1n sa vyzdobila. Najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161\u00ed prvok pri zdoben\u00ed bola slne\u010dn\u00e1 ru\u017eica v r\u00f4znych vari\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, takmer cel\u00e1 ornamentika mala line\u00e1rny charakter, jej prvky boli prevzat\u00e9 zo star\u00fdch kult\u00far a mali v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou ochrann\u00fd charakter. Po namoren\u00ed a vyhotoven\u00ed rytej okrasy sa jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dasti hra\u010dky (kolieska, podstava) sp\u00e1jali pomocou l\u00edcovan\u00fdch kol\u00edkov\u00fdch spojov bez pou\u017eitia kovov\u00fdch spojovac\u00edch prvkov. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie mot\u00edvy hra\u010diek boli kon\u00edky, koh\u00fatiky, r\u00f4zne zvieratk\u00e1 (prasiatko, zajac, je\u017eko), zmen\u0161eniny n\u00e1bytku a pracovn\u00e9ho n\u00e1radia (stoli\u010dka, stol\u00edk, f\u00farik, kol\u00edska, postielka), kazety r\u00f4znych ve\u013ekost\u00ed, poli\u010dky. V\u00fdroba v Kyjaticiach bola pre jej obyvate\u013eov v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zdrojom pr\u00edjmu a\u017e do roku 1918, kedy nastal jej \u00fatlm z d\u00f4vodu n\u00e1stupu tov\u00e1renskej v\u00fdroby n\u00e1bytku. Zanikaj\u00facu v\u00fdrobu sa v roku 1925-1926 podarilo o\u017eivi\u0165 v\u010faka \u0160t\u00e1tnemu \u00fastavu pre zve\u013ea\u010fovanie \u017eivnost\u00ed (\u0160\u00daZ\u017d), ktor\u00fd v spom\u00ednanom obdob\u00ed v Kyjaticiach usporiadal remeseln\u00fd kurz s cie\u013eom zachovania a roz\u0161\u00edrenia sortimentu hra\u010diek. Podobn\u00fd kurz sa zopakoval e\u0161te v roku 1935. Po neo\u010dak\u00e1vanej smrti p. \u0160ipicha (1935) z\u00e1stupcu \u0160UZ\u017d, ktor\u00fd organizoval kurzy aj odbyt v\u00fdrobkov, nastal \u00fatlm v\u00fdroby, a\u017e po roku 1945 jej organizovan\u00e1 podoba zanikla. Jednotliv\u00ed majstri hra\u010dky vyr\u00e1bali sporadicky a\u017e do sedemdesiatych rokov, kedy zomrel posledn\u00fd absolvent \u0160ipichov\u00fdch kurzov p. J\u00falius Be\u0148o. V tomto obdob\u00ed vytvoril kolekciu kyjatick\u00fdch hra\u010diek pre \u00da\u013dUV p. Anton Obo\u0148a z Lazian a nesk\u00f4r sa v\u00fdrobou zaoberal p. Rudolf Stehl\u00edk, poch\u00e1dzaj\u00faci priamo z regi\u00f3nu kde kyjatick\u00e9 hra\u010dky vznikli. V s\u00fa\u010dastnosti na Slovensku pokra\u010duj\u00fa v trad\u00edcii v\u00fdroby \u0161tyria v\u00fdrobcovia, p. A. Obo\u0148a, p. K. Strni\u0161te zo Smi\u017eian, p. M. \u0160algo zo Slia\u010da a p. L. Hedvigi z Rimavsk\u00fdch Zalu\u017eian.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column][vc_column width=“1\/3″][vc_empty_space height=“50px“][vc_single_image image=“24060″ img_size=“full“ alignment=“center“][vc_single_image image=“24063″ img_size=“large“ alignment=“center“][vc_single_image image=“24064″ img_size=“large“ alignment=“center“][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space height=“40px“][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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